Part I - Literature review

International databases, online libraries and national policy papers were searched to identify relevant documents, papers, newspaper articles, websites etc.

The aspects of the topic we placed emphasis on were:

• the HPV – cancer link
• cervical cancer
• screening and the HPV vaccine
• role of health professionals
• knowledge, beliefs and attitudes of adolescents, parents and women
• communication and health message framing
• ethical considerations (such as parental rights, gender issues and public health)
• vaccination policies worldwide
• pilot and evaluation studies
• legislation
• implementation
• controversies between actors
• recommendations by relevant health organizations